Journal of African Development

1. and streamline approvals.
2. Mobilize Finance: Scale innovative financing (blended finance, de-risking mechanisms), catalyze private sector investment, and leverage global funding streams^[4][2].
3. Grid & Off-Grid Synergy: Invest in robust transmission as well as decentralized mini-grid and off-grid solar solutions to maximize access and resilience^[11][4].
4. Local Manufacturing & Capacity Building: Foster local supply chains, skills training, and research to retain added value and support local economies^[6].
5. Inclusive Implementation: Prioritize inclusive energy planning that involves local communities, supports distributed generation, and protects environmental and land rights^[11].

Conclusion

Africa’s renewable energy transition is accelerating, characterized by ambitious policy commitments, breakthrough projects, and regional collaborations. While challenges in financing, infrastructure, and implementation persist, the continent holds the world’s greatest unexploited clean energy opportunity. To unlock this potential and secure a sustainable, equitable energy future, Africa must double down on stable policy frameworks, innovative financing, decentralization, and human capital investment.

References

1. Global Solar Council. “Africa Market Outlook for Solar PV 2025-2028.” 2024.
2. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. “How African Countries Can Harness the Global Policy Shift for Energy Security and Transition.” 2025.
3. Power Shift Africa. “Africa Can and Should Have a Fully Renewable Energy Mix.” 2025.
4. UTS Institute for Sustainable Futures. “Africa’s renewable energy future: pathways to 100% renewables.” 2025.
5. International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). “Africa Energy Report.” 2024.
6. com. “Energy Transition and Sustainability.” 2024.
7. European Commission. “Energy for Africa.” 2025.